1. Carry out daily maintenance of the unit in strict accordance with the specified requirements to ensure reliable operation of the unit

良好的維護(hù)保養(yǎng)能保證機(jī)組可靠運(yùn)行。正常使用情況下,保養(yǎng)工作應(yīng)按規(guī)定的日保養(yǎng)、周保養(yǎng)、月保養(yǎng)要求進(jìn)行。通過(guò)這些規(guī)定的保養(yǎng),能及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)組是否存在聲音異常、動(dòng)作異常、外觀異常、溫度異常、壓力異常和氣味異常等故障現(xiàn)象,從而及時(shí)對(duì)機(jī)組進(jìn)行檢查和調(diào)整,進(jìn)而有針對(duì)性的加以解決,確保機(jī)組運(yùn)行在狀態(tài)。在這些保養(yǎng)要求中,要特別注意以下三個(gè)方面的檢查和保養(yǎng):

Good maintenance can ensure the reliable operation of the unit. Under normal use, the maintenance shall be carried out according to the specified daily, weekly and monthly maintenance requirements. Through these specified maintenance, it can timely find out whether the unit has fault phenomena such as abnormal sound, abnormal action, abnormal appearance, abnormal temperature, abnormal pressure and abnormal smell, so as to timely check and adjust the unit, and then solve it pertinently to ensure that the unit operates in the best state. In these maintenance requirements, special attention should be paid to the following three aspects of inspection and maintenance:

(1) 潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)的檢查和保養(yǎng)。

(1) Inspection and maintenance of lubrication system.

該種類(lèi)型機(jī)組由于存在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)部件多,運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)部件工作條件惡劣,大多處在高溫、高沖擊載荷狀態(tài)下,需要潤(rùn)滑的部位較多,對(duì)潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)的可靠性要求較為苛刻,因此要注意檢查潤(rùn)滑油系統(tǒng)的油質(zhì)情況、油位情況、油溫和油壓情況,注意離心濾清器和機(jī)油濾清器的清洗,避免出現(xiàn)因潤(rùn)滑不良造成的機(jī)組零部件磨損加劇,縮短機(jī)組零部件的使用壽命,加大維護(hù)工作量;

Due to the large number of operating parts and poor working conditions of operating parts of this type of unit, most of them are in the state of high temperature and high impact load, there are many parts requiring lubrication, and the reliability requirements of the lubrication system are relatively strict. Therefore, pay attention to check the oil quality, oil level, oil temperature and oil pressure of the lubricating oil system, and pay attention to the cleaning of centrifugal filter and oil filter, Avoid increasing the wear of unit parts caused by poor lubrication, shorten the service life of unit parts and increase the maintenance workload;

(2) 空氣過(guò)濾器的檢查和保養(yǎng)?？諝膺^(guò)濾器如果運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好的話(huà),將有效地避免因進(jìn)氣阻力大引起的增壓壓力下降過(guò)大,進(jìn)而造成渦輪增壓器出現(xiàn)漏油現(xiàn)象;還可避免因流量減少引起的渦輪增壓器壓氣機(jī)喘振現(xiàn)象。因此要定期清理空氣過(guò)濾器,必要時(shí)更換新濾芯。在潮濕地區(qū)可將紙質(zhì)濾芯抽掉。

(2) Inspection and maintenance of air filter. If the air filter works well, it will effectively avoid excessive pressure drop caused by large air inlet resistance, which will lead to oil leakage of turbocharger; It can also avoid the surge of turbocharger compressor caused by flow reduction. Therefore, clean the air filter regularly and replace the filter element if necessary. The paper filter element can be removed in wet areas.

(3) 相關(guān)間隙和角度的檢查和調(diào)整。主要是火花塞間隙、氣門(mén)間隙和配氣定時(shí)等的檢查和調(diào)整。

(3) Inspection and adjustment of relevant clearance and angle. It mainly refers to the inspection and adjustment of spark plug clearance, valve clearance and valve timing.

機(jī)組運(yùn)行一段時(shí)間后,火花塞的間隙會(huì)有所變大,這是正?，F(xiàn)象。以泰州市兆航機(jī)電設(shè)備有限公司生產(chǎn)的設(shè)備為例當(dāng)間隙增大到0. 89mm 時(shí),火花塞將出現(xiàn)失火現(xiàn)象,造成機(jī)組運(yùn)行不穩(wěn),甚至停車(chē),所以應(yīng)定期檢查和調(diào)整,同時(shí)消除火花塞及其螺紋處出現(xiàn)的積炭,確保其好用。另外,機(jī)組經(jīng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后,由于配氣機(jī)構(gòu)的磨損和松動(dòng)等原因,會(huì)引起氣門(mén)間隙的變化,應(yīng)定期檢查并調(diào)整氣門(mén)間隙。配氣定時(shí)在正常情況下不需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整,當(dāng)機(jī)組各缸工作狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)異常時(shí),應(yīng)首先檢查指針上止點(diǎn)指示位置是否正確,檢查傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)各齒輪傳動(dòng)記號(hào)是否對(duì)準(zhǔn),整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的裝配關(guān)系及氣門(mén)間隙是否正確。若經(jīng)檢查調(diào)整后,仍與規(guī)定值差異較大時(shí),則應(yīng)考慮凸輪軸或齒輪傳動(dòng)件有無(wú)損壞現(xiàn)象,必要時(shí)進(jìn)行修復(fù)或更換。

After the unit operates for a period of time, the gap of spark plug will become larger, which is a normal phenomenon. Taking the equipment produced by Taizhou zhaohang Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. as an example, when the gap increases to 0.5 At 89mm, the spark plug will catch fire, resulting in unstable operation and even shutdown of the unit. Therefore, regular inspection and adjustment shall be carried out, and the carbon deposit at the spark plug and its thread shall be eliminated to ensure its good use. In addition, after long-term operation of the unit, the valve clearance will change due to wear and looseness of the valve mechanism. The valve clearance should be checked and adjusted regularly. The valve timing does not need to be adjusted under normal conditions. When the working state of each cylinder of the unit is abnormal, first check whether the indication position of the top dead center of the pointer is correct, whether the transmission marks of each gear of the transmission system are aligned, and whether the assembly relationship and valve clearance of the whole system are correct. If there is still a large difference from the specified value after inspection and adjustment, consider whether the camshaft or gear transmission parts are damaged, and repair or replace them if necessary.

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